The new world pattern of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide, with estimates of 1,276,000 new cancer cases and 395,000 deaths in 2018. The reason is the growth of the global population on earth, advanced age, and a family history of the disease due to hereditary genetic mutations in the gene (HPCL) in the short arm of the Y chromosome, as well as other recently discovered genes such as (BRCA-2) and (BRCA-1), these are well established risk factors for Prostate Cancer. 

Prostate cancer is confirmed as the lifestyle that depends on excessive red meat intake and obesity, this leads to a loss of control over genome repair after exposure to environmental contamination and oxidative stress (ROS), inflammatory and intoxication that are related to sarcopenia and obesity. Early diagnosis through PSA testing may reduce prostate cancer deaths. Prostate Cancer accounts for 1 in 5 men cancer diagnosis in men, with risk of progression to castrate resistance.

 The obesity paradox is at th  center of investigations regarding the role of human metabolism and body composition in prostate cancer outcomes. In some studies, obesity (BMI > OR = 30kg/㎡) increase the risk for high grade prostate cancer as well as recurrence after prostatectomy. The symptoms of prostate cancer are related to storage pathological changes of the bladder causing urgency and urethral obstruction, causing weak urine flow. Multiple studies have reported a relation between clinical prostatitis and an increased risk of prostate cancer. Radical prostatectomy that preserves the erectile nerves as well as the robotic ones in this decade has encouraged more men to undergo this surgery.