kidney cancer
kidney cancer
Kidney tumors may be malignant, benign or inflammatory in origin. This cancer affects 54,000 people annually in the United States of America, and 13,000 people die from it.
Incidence statistics: The incidence of kidney cancer is between 2-3% of the statistics of cancer cases in general in humans, but it is more dangerous to life compared to other urinary tract cancers.
Knowing that 30-40% of people with this cancer die as a result, compared to 20% of those with bladder or prostate cancer, and this cancer is a disease that affects people in advanced age between the ages of sixty and seventy years, but the overwhelming majority of kidney cancer It is spontaneous, but only 2-3% is caused by genetics.
Causes of injury:
Clinically and research-proven causes are:
1- Smoking.
2- Obesity.
3- High blood pressure.
As for the speculative reasons, they are as follows:
Exposure to lead, as well as exposure to chemicals such as hydrocarbons, metals, rubber, and dyes, as well as to asbestos and cadmium, and eating foods containing saturated fats.
Scientific research has proven a strong relationship between the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the incidence of polycystic kidney, as well as the incidence of renal failure in the last stage, where the incidence of infection is nine times higher compared to healthy people.
3- The third stage: In this stage, the ureteric, ureteral and renal reflux is accompanied by mild or moderate ureteral dilatation, and there may be curvatures in the ureter, and at the same time there are medium-degree expansions in the combined renal system, but the renal vaults may be deformed as a result of this. Urinary reflux.
4- Fourth stage: In this stage, the vesicoureteral and renal reflux has led to a medium-degree dilatation of the ureter with ureteral curvatures, and at the same time there are medium-degree dilatations within the combined renal system of the renal pelvis, while the renal vaults are not sharp, but Renal papillae are visible.
5- The fifth stage: In this advanced stage of ureteric and renal vesicoureteral reflux there is a large dilatation of the ureter with the presence of curvatures in it, and the expansion of the renal pelvis and its collecting system in the kidney is very noticeable, but the renal papillae appear in a normal way, and in this advanced stage there is reflux poly within the renal tissue itself.
Symptoms:
A- Primary and contingent realism:
1- Bloody urine.
2- Pain in the flank.
3- A mass in the abdomen.
B- Disseminated symptoms:
1- Persistent cough.
2- Pain in the bones.
3- Weight loss and fever.
4- Infection with malaise and apathy.
C- Stenotic symptoms of the lower abdominal vein:
1- Edema of the legs.
2- Varicose veins in the right testicle that are not retractable.
Diagnosis:
There are several methods for diagnosing kidney cancer and its stages and distinguishing it from benign or malignant tumors in the kidney, including:
1- Clinical examination.
2- Urinalysis.
3- Examination of the kidney by ultrasound and color (Color Doppler).
4- Examination of the kidneys and nearby lymph nodes as well as the bladder by computed tomography (CT) of the kidneys and bladder, or examination of the kidneys and nearby lymph nodes by tomography by colored magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Kidney tumor and its spread to the renal vein or vena cava
treatment:
With the development of the above-mentioned diagnostic methods, it is now possible to diagnose these tumors early and treat them successfully with a rate of 98%. This treatment is done either by endoscopic ablation of the tumor only and without nephrectomy, where the size of this malignant tumor should not exceed 5 cm.
As for the laparoscopic radical removal of the affected kidney, it is performed only in case the size of the malignant tumor exceeds 5 cm.
Prevention and modern immunotherapy:
One third of patients with kidney cancer are diagnosed with a cancerous spread in the body at the same time, knowing that if this tumor is not eradicated early, in this case, these patients must undergo non-surgical treatment (chemical and immunological), knowing that these drug treatments have clinically proven positive effect. by controlling proliferation and two-year survival,
As a precaution, we must advise every person addicted to smoking to dispense with that, as well as people who are obese to change their wrong lifestyle that leads to this obesity through a distinct diet that is low in fat and distinct in containing vegetables and fruits, and start exercising for 6-8 hours per week.
As for people who automatically discover the presence of blood in the urine with or without pain, these patients should consult a doctor who specializes in the treatment and surgery of urinary tract diseases in order to be diagnosed through distinguished clinical examinations for these dangerous symptoms. If a tumor is discovered and diagnosed in the kidney, the early radical or partial endoscopic excision of the tumor or the kidney It is the only way to survive and survive.
Prof. Dr. Samir Al-Samarrai
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